A dyslexic individual’s speech may be delayed. Children normally utter their first words when they reach the age of one. A child with dyslexia may also be slow to learn to speak or combine words; sometimes delaying speech until they are two or three. Some children also have the tendency to stutter or mispronounce words.

Directions may be challenging for individuals with dyslexia. Directions, reading maps, using a compass, or difficulty gauging left and right, or up and down may be confusing. Many may find it hard to differentiate between similarly shaped alphabet letters when they are inverted or reversed such as “b” and “d” or “u” and “n”.

Memory can be a challenge for dyslexic individuals. Remembering tasks or facts that are not personally relevant or important such as general knowledge facts, history facts, or math formulas can appear as challenges. This helps contribute to the observation that dyslexic individuals have poor math abilities. Despite their intelligence, they have difficulty grasping math concepts and often perform poorly in addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, but can problem-solve.

Sequential logic may be difficult for dyslexic individuals. For example, the days of the week, months of the year, the sequence of numbers, or the alphabet. Certain tasks that require sequences of steps can be challenging such as tying one’s shoelaces or solving math problems. Many also find it hard to read analog clocks; while some may be able to tell half-hourly and hourly time, many are lost when telling time that involves smaller fractions such as 15 minutes past or 5 minutes before.

Visual and motor coordination challenges may be evident in handwriting. Writing feels like a slow and laborious chore that dyslexic individuals struggle with. Writings from dyslexic individuals are often misspelled, in incomplete sentences, with an absence of punctuation or capital letters.

Dysgraphia is a deficiency in the ability to write, primarily handwriting, but also coherence. Dysgraphia is a transcription disability, meaning that it is a writing disorder associated with impaired handwriting, orthographic coding, and finger sequencing.

Organization of space and thought may be difficult for dyslexic individuals. Organizing personal belongings such as their bedrooms, lockers, desks, offices, homes, or bags can be a challenge. These individuals are often viewed as lazy, messy, and unorganized.

Executive Functioning is a disruption to a group of cognitive processes that regulate, control, and manage other cognitive processes. Executive dysfunction can refer to both neurocognitive deficits and behavioral symptoms.